Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.


Por: Cousin E, Duncan B, Stein C, Ong K, Vos T, Abbafati C, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdelmasseh M, Abdoli A, Abd-Rabu R, Abolhassani H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Accrombessi M, Adnani Q, Afzal M, Agarwal G, Agrawaal K, Agudelo-Botero M, Ahinkorah B, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Salih Y, Akande-Sholabi W, Akram T, Al Hamad H, Al-Aly Z, Alcalde-Rabanal J, Alipour V, Aljunid S, Al-Raddadi R, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini S, Ancuceanu R, Andrei T, Andrei C, Anjana R, Ansar A, Antonazzo I, Antony B, Anyasodor A, Arabloo J, Arizmendi D, Armocida B, Artamonov A, Arulappan J, Aryan Z, Asgari S, Ashraf T, Astell-Burt T, Atorkey P, Atout M, Ayanore M, Badiye A, Baig A, Bairwa M, Baker J, Baltatu O, Banik P, Barnett A, Barone M, Barone-Adesi F, Barrow A, Bedi N, Belete R, Belgaumi U, Bell A, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Beran D, Bhagavathula A, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja V, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Birara S, Bodolica V, Bonny A, Brenner H, Briko N, Butt Z, dos Santos F, Camera L, Campos-Nonato I, Cao Y, Cao C, Cerin E, Chakraborty P, Chandan J, Chattu V, Chen S, Choi J, Choudhari S, Chowdhury E, Chu D, Corso B, Dadras O, Dai X, Damasceno A, Dandona L, Dandona R, Davila-Cervantes C, De Neve J, Denova-Gutierrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Diaz D, Ebtehaj S, Edinur H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Sayed I, Elgendy I, Elhadi M, Elmonem M, Faisaluddin M, Farooque U, Feng X, Fernandes E, Fischer F, Flood D, Freitas M, Gaal P, Gad M, Gaewkhiew P, Getacher L, Ghafourifard M, Gheshlagh R, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Ghozali G, Gill P, Ginawi I, Glushkova E, Golechha M, Gopalani S, Guimaraes R, Das Gupta R, Gupta R, Gupta V, Gupta V, Gupta S, Habtewold T, Hafezi-Nejad N, Halwani R, Hanif A, Hankey G, Haque S, Hasaballah A, Hasan S, Hashi A, Hassanipour S, Hay S, Hayat K, Heidari M, Hossain M, Hossain S, Hosseini M, Hoveidamanesh S, Huang J, Humayun A, Hussain R, Hwang B, Ibitoye S, Ikuta K, Inbaraj L, Iqbal U, Islam M, Islam S, Islam R, Ismail N, Isola G, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Iyamu I, Jahani M, Jakovljevic M, Jayawardena R, Jha R, John O, Jonas J, Joo T, Kabir A, Kalhor R, Kamath A, Kanchan T, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Kayode G, Kebede S, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader Y, Khajuria H, Khan M, Khan M, Khan M, Khater A, Khoja T, Khubchandani J, Kim M, Kim Y, Kimokoti R, Kisa S, Kisa A, Kivimaki M, Korshunov V, Korzh O, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Defo B, Kumar G, Kumar N, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Larsson A, Lasrado S, Lee W, Lee C, Lee P, Lee S, Li M, Lim S, Lim L, Lucchetti G, Majeed A, Malik A, Mansouri B, Mantovani L, Martini S, Mathur P, McAlinden C, Mehedi N, Mekonnen T, Menezes R, Mersha A, Jonasson J, Miazgowski T, Michalek I, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov E, Mirza A, Mithra P, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed A, Mokdad A, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni M, Moradpour F, Moradzadeh R, Mostafavi E, Mueller U, Murray C, Mustafa A, Nagel G, Nangia V, Naqvi A, Nayak B, Nazari J, Ndejjo R, Negoi R, Kandel N, Nguyen C, Nguyen H, Noubiap J, Nowak C, Oancea B, Odukoya O, Oguntade A, Ojo T, Olagunju A, Onwujekwe O, Ortiz A, Owolabi M, Palladino R, Panda-Jonas S, Pandi-Perumal S, Pardhan S, Parekh T, Parvizi M, Pepito V, Perianayagam A, Petcu I, Pilania M, Podder V, Polibin R, Postma M, Prashant A, Rabiee N, Rabiee M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahman M, Rahmawaty S, Rajai N, Ram P, Rana J, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao C, Rao S, Rawaf S, Rawaf D, Rawal L, Renzaho A, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Riahi S, Ribeiro D, Rodriguez J, Roever L, Rohloff P, Rwegerera G, Ryan P, Saber-Ayad M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Moghaddam S, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Saif-Ur-Rahman K, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic M, Sathian B, Sathish T, Schlaich M, Seidu A, Sekerija M, Kumar N, Seylani A, Shaikh M, Shamshad H, Shawon M, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty J, Shiri R, Shivakumar K, Shuval K, Singh J, Singh A, Skryabin V, Skryabina A, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Soheili A, Sun J, Szerencses V, Szocska M, Tabares-Seisdedos R, Tadbiri H, Tadesse E, Tariqujjaman M, Thankappan K, Thapar R, Thomas N, Timalsina B, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Tovani-Palone M, Tran B, Tripathy J, Car L, Tusa B, Uddin R, Upadhyay E, Tahbaz S, Valdez P, Vasankari T, Verma M, Villalobos-Daniel V, Vladimirov S, Vo B, Vu G, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Wamai R, Werdecker A, Wickramasinghe N, Winkler A, Wubishet B, Xu X, Xu S, Jabbari S, Yatsuya H, Yaya S, Yazie T, Yi S, Yonemoto N, Yunusa I, Zadey S, Bin Zaman S, Zamanian M, Zamora N, Zastrozhin M, Zastrozhina A, Zhang Z, Zhong C, Zmaili M, Zumla A, Naghavi M, Schmidt M

Publicada: 1 mar 2022 Ahead of Print: 7 feb 2022
Resumen:
BACKGROUND: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS: We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990-2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. FINDINGS: In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r(2)=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0% (-28·4 to -2·9) for all diabetes, and by 21·0% (-33·0 to -5·9) when considering only type 1 diabetes. However, the low SDI quintile had the lowest decline for both all diabetes (-13·6% [-28·4 to 3·4]) and for type 1 diabetes (-13·6% [-29·3 to 8·9]). INTERPRETATION: Decreasing diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years remains an important challenge, especially in low and low-middle SDI countries. Inadequate diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is likely to be major contributor to these early deaths, highlighting the urgent need to provide better access to insulin and basic diabetes education and care. This mortality metric, derived from readily available and frequently updated GBD data, can help to monitor preventable diabetes-related deaths over time globally, aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Targets, and serve as an indicator of the adequacy of basic diabetes care for type 1 and type 2 diabetes across nations. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Filiaciones:
Cousin E:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

 Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Duncan B:
 Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Stein C:
 Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

Ong K:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Vos T:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Abbafati C:
 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Jurid & Econ Studies, Rome, Italy

Abbasi-Kangevari M:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Abdelmasseh M:
 Marshall Univ, Dept Surg, Huntington, WV USA

Abdoli A:
 Jahrom Univ Med Sci, Zoonoses Res Ctr, Jahrom, Iran

Abd-Rabu R:
 Mayo Clin, Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Rochester, MN USA

Abolhassani H:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran

 Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Huddinge, Sweden

Abu-Gharbieh E:
 Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

Accrombessi M:
 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, London, England

 Clin Res Inst Benin IRCB, Dept Clin Res, Abomey Calavi, Benin

Adnani Q:
 Padjadjaran State Univ, Fac Med, Bandung, Indonesia

Afzal M:
 Univ Management & Technol, Dept Life Sci, Lahore, Pakistan

Agarwal G:
 McMaster Univ, Dept Family Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada

 Tribhuvan Univ, Dept Internal Med, Bhairahawa, Nepal

Agudelo-Botero M:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Policy Populat & Hlth Res, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

Ahinkorah B:
 Univ Technol Sydney, Australian Ctr Publ & Populat Hlth Res ACPPHR, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Ahmad S:
 Abasyn Univ, Dept Hlth & Biol Sci, Peshawar, Pakistan

Ahmad T:
 Southeast Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Stat, Nanjing, Peoples R China

Ahmadi K:
 Univ Nottingham, Nottingham, England

 Univ Lincoln, Lincoln, England

Ahmadi S:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Adv Technol Med, Tehran, Iran

Ahmadi A:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran

 Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahrekord, Iran

Ahmed A:
 Monash Univ, Sch Pharm, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia

 Quaid I Azam Univ Islamabad, Dept Pharm, Islamabad, Pakistan

Salih Y:
 Sulaimani Polytech Univ, Database Technol Dept, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

 Sulaimani Polytech Univ, Coll Informat, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

Akande-Sholabi W:
 Univ Ibadan, Dept Clin Pharm & Pharm Adm, Ibadan, Nigeria

Akram T:
 Univ Sci Malaysia, Sch Math Sci, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

Al Hamad H:
 Hamad Med Corp, Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept, Doha, Qatar

 Hamad Med Corp, Rumailah Hosp, Doha, Qatar

Al-Aly Z:
 Washington Univ St Louis, John T Milliken Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO USA

 US Dept Vet Affairs VA, Clin Epidemiol Ctr, St Louis, MO USA

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 Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Syst Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

Alipour V:
 Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

 Iran Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Econ, Tehran, Iran

Aljunid S:
 Kuwait Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Safat, Kuwait

 Natl Univ Malaysia, Int Ctr Casemix & Clin Coding, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia

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 King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Community Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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 Univ Coast, Res Grp Hosp Management & Hlth Policies, Barranquilla, Colombia

 Univ Cartagena, Hlth Econ Res Grp, Cartagena, Colombia

Amini S:
 Khomein Univ Med Sci, Dept Hlth Serv Management, Khomein, Iran

Ancuceanu R:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Pharm, Bucharest, Romania

Andrei T:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

Andrei C:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Cardiol, Bucharest, Romania

Anjana R:
 Madras Diabet Res Fdn, Dept Diabetol, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Ansar A:
 La Trobe Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Publ Hlth Assoc Australia, Special Interest Grp Int Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Antonazzo I:
 Univ Milano Bicocca, Res Ctr Publ Hlth, Monza, Italy

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 Univ Tasmania, Menzies Inst Med Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia

Anyasodor A:
 Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Community Hlth, Orange, NSW, Australia

Arabloo J:
 Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

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 Autonomous Univ State Morelos, Fac Nutr, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

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 Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Trieste, Italy

Artamonov A:
 Russian Acad Sci, Dept Biophys, Moscow, Russia

Arulappan J:
 Sultan Qaboos Univ, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Muscat, Oman

Aryan Z:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

 Brigham & Womens Hosp, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA

Asgari S:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Prevent Metab Disorders Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Ashraf T:
 Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Radiol Sci & Med Imaging Technol, Lahore, Pakistan

Astell-Burt T:
 Univ Wollongong, Sch Hlth & Soc, Wollongong, NSW, Australia

 Univ Sydney, Menzies Ctr Hlth Policy, Sydney, NSW, Australia

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 Univ Newcastle, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

 Hunter New England Populat Hlth, Wallsend, NSW, Australia

Atout M:
 Philadelphia Univ, Fac Nursing, Amman, Jordan

Ayanore M:
 Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Hlth Policy Planning & Management, Ho, Ghana

 Ctr Hlth Policy Advocacy Innovat & Res Africa CHP, Dept Hlth Econ, Accra, Ghana

Badiye A:
 Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Baig A:
 Univ Sultan Zainal Abidin, Biochem Unit, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

Bairwa M:
 All India Inst Med Sci, Ctr Community Med, New Delhi, India

Baker J:
 Bispebjerg Hosp, Ctr Clin Res & Prevent, Frederiksberg, Denmark

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 Khalifa Univ, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates

 Anhembi Morumbi Univ, Ctr Innovat Technol & Educ CITE, Sao Jose Dos Campos, Brazil

Banik P:
 Bangladesh Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Noncommunicable Dis, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Barnett A:
 Australian Catholic Univ, Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Barone M:
 Int Diabet Federat, Programs Partnerships Res & Educ, Sao Paulo, Brazil

 Int Diabet Federat, Brussels, Belgium

Barone-Adesi F:
 Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dept Translat Med, Novara, Italy

Barrow A:
 Univ Gambia, Dept Publ & Environm Hlth, Brikama, Gambia

 Minist Hlth, Epidemiol & Dis Control Unit, Kotu, Gambia

Bedi N:
 Dr DY Patil Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

 Jazan Univ, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Belete R:
 Haramaya Univ, Dept Med Lab Sci, Harar, Ethiopia

Belgaumi U:
 Krishna Inst Med Sci, Dept Oral Pathol & Microbiol, Karad, India

Bell A:
 Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA

 Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Social Serv, Boston, MA 02111 USA

Bennett D:
 Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England

Bensenor I:
 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Internal Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil

Beran D:
 Univ Geneva, Div Trop & Humanitarian Med, Geneva, Switzerland

Bhagavathula A:
 Charles Univ Prague, Dept Social & Clin Pharm, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic

 United Arab Emirates Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates

Bhaskar S:
 NSW Brain Clot Bank, Neurovasc Imaging Lab, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 South West Sydney Local Heath Dist, Dept Neurol & Neurophysiol, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 Liverpool Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Bhattacharyya K:
 Natl Inst Biomed Genom, Dept Stat & Computat Genom, Kalyani, W Bengal, India

 Univ Calcutta, Dept Stat, Kolkata, India

Bhojaraja V:
 Manipal Univ Coll Melaka, Dept Anat, Melaka, Malaysia

Bijani A:
 Babol Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Babol, Iran

Bikbov B:
 Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Ranica, Italy

Birara S:
 Samara Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Samara, Ethiopia

Bodolica V:
 Amer Univ Sharjah, Sch Business Adm, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

Bonny A:
 Univ Douala, Fac Med & Pharmaceut Sci, Douala, Cameroon

 Montfermeil Hosp Ctr, Dept Cardiol, Montfermeil, France

Brenner H:
 German Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol & Aging Res, Heidelberg, Germany

Briko N:
 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia

Butt Z:
 Univ Waterloo, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Waterloo, ON, Canada

 Al Shifa Trust Eye Hosp, Al Shifa Sch Publ Hlth, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

dos Santos F:
 Fed Polytech Sch Lausanne, Inst Microengn, Lausanne, Switzerland

Camera L:
 Hosp Italiano Buenos Aires, Dept Internal Med, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

 Argentine Soc Med, Board Directors, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

Campos-Nonato I:
 Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth & Nutr Res Ctr, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

Cao Y:
 Washington Univ St Louis, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO USA

Cao C:
 Washington Univ St Louis, Program Phys Therapy, St Louis, MO USA

Cerin E:
 Australian Catholic Univ, Mary MacKillop Inst Hlth Res, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

Chakraborty P:
 Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Chandan J:
 Univ Birmingham, Inst Appl Hlth Res, Birmingham, W Midlands, England

Chattu V:
 Univ Toronto, Dept Med, Toronto, ON, Canada

 Saveetha Univ, Saveetha Med Coll, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Chen S:
 Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany

Choi J:
 Seoul Natl Univ Hosp, Div Biomed Informat, Seoul, South Korea

Choudhari S:
 Datta Meghe Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Wardha, India

Chowdhury E:
 Curtin Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Perth, WA, Australia

 Monash Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Preventat Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Chu D:
 VNU Int Sch, Ctr Biomed & Community Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam

Corso B:
 CNR, Inst Neurosci, Pisa, Italy

Dadras O:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Iranian Res Ctr HIV AIDS IRCHA, Tehran, Iran

 Walailak Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand

Dai X:
 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Damasceno A:
 Eduardo Mondlane Univ, Fac Med, Maputo, Mozambique

Dandona L:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India

 Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India

Dandona R:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

 Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India

Davila-Cervantes C:
 Latin Amer Fac Social Sci Mexico, Dept Populat & Dev, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

De Neve J:
 Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany

Denova-Gutierrez E:
 Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Nutr & Hlth Res, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico

Dhamnetiya D:
 Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Delhi, India

Diaz D:
 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Complex Sci, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

 Autonomous Univ Sinaloa, Fac Vet Med & Zootech, Culiacan Rosales, Mexico

Ebtehaj S:
 Mayo Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Rochester, MN USA

Edinur H:
 Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Hlth Sci, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia

Eftekharzadeh S:
 Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Urol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA

El Sayed I:
 Alexandria Univ, Biomed Informat & Med Stat Dept, Alexandria, Egypt

Elgendy I:
 Harvard Univ, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA

 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA

Elhadi M:
 Univ Tripoli, Fac Med, Tripoli, Libya

Elmonem M:
 Cairo Univ, Dept Clin & Chem Pathol, Cairo, Egypt

Faisaluddin M:
 Rochester Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med, Rochester, NY 14621 USA

Farooque U:
 Dow Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Internal Med, Karachi, Pakistan

Feng X:
 Univ New South Wales, Sch Populat Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China

Fernandes E:
 Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal

Fischer F:
 Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany

Flood D:
 Maya Hlth Alliance, Ctr Res Indigenous Hlth, Tecpan, Guatemala

 Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

Freitas M:
 Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal

Gaal P:
 Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary

 Sapientia Hungarian Univ Transylvania, Dept Appl Social Sci, Targu Mures, Romania

Gad M:
 Cleveland Clin, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

 Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA

Gaewkhiew P:
 Mahidol Univ, Dept Community Dent, Ratchathewi, Thailand

 Kings Coll London, Populat & Patient Hlth Grp, London, England

Getacher L:
 Debre Berhan Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

Ghafourifard M:
 Tabriz Univ Med Sci, Dept Med Surg Nursing, Tabriz, Iran

Gheshlagh R:
 Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Fac Nursing & Midwifery, Sanandaj, Iran

Ghashghaee A:
 Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

 Iran Univ Med Sci, Student Res Comm, Tehran, Iran

Ghith N:
 Tech Univ Denmark, Res Grp Genom Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark

Ghozali G:
 Univ Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Dept Publ Hlth, Samarinda, Indonesia

Gill P:
 Univ Warwick, Sch Med, Coventry, W Midlands, England

Ginawi I:
 Minist Hlth, Family Med Res Ctr, Hail, Saudi Arabia

Glushkova E:
 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia

Golechha M:
 Indian Inst Publ Hlth, Hlth Syst & Policy Res, Gandhinagar, India

Gopalani S:
 Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hudson Coll Publ Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA

 Federated States Micronesia, Dept Hlth & Social Affairs, Palikir, Micronesia

Guimaraes R:
 Univ Fed Goias, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth IPTSP, Goiania, Go, Brazil

Gupta R:
 Univ South Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA

 BRAC Univ, Ctr Noncommunicable Dis & Nutr, Dhaka, Bangladesh

 Eternal Heart Care Ctr & Res Inst, Dept Prevent Cardiol, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

 Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci, Dept Med, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Gupta V:
 Macquarie Univ, Dept Clin Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 Deakin Univ, Sch Med, Geelong, Vic, Australia

Gupta S:
 Shriram Inst Ind Res, Dept Toxicol, Delhi, India

Habtewold T:
 Maastricht Univ, Dept Quantitat Econ, Maastricht, Netherlands

Hafezi-Nejad N:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sch Med, Tehran, Iran

 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA

Halwani R:
 Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

 Univ Sharjah, Coll Med, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

Hanif A:
 Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan

Hankey G:
 Univ Western Australia, Sch Med, Perth, WA, Australia

 Sir Charles Gairdner Hosp, Dept Neurol, Perth, WA, Australia

Haque S:
 Jazan Univ, Res & Sci Studies Unit, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Hasaballah A:
 Al Azhar Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, Cairo, Egypt

Hasan S:
 Univ Newcastle, Sch Biomed Sci & Pharm, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

 Univ Huddersfield, Dept Pharm, Huddersfield, W Yorkshire, England

Hashi A:
 Jigjiga Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Jijiga, Ethiopia

Hassanipour S:
 Guilan Univ Med Sci, Gastrointestinal & Liver Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran

 Guilan Univ Med Sci, Caspian Digest Dis Res Ctr, Rasht, Iran

Hay S:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Hayat K:
 Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Lahore, Pakistan

 Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Pharm Adm & Clin Pharm, Xian, Peoples R China

Heidari M:
 Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Community Oriented Nursing Midwifery Res Ctr, Shahrekord, Iran

Hossain M:
 Univ Dhaka, Dept Populat Sci, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Hossain S:
 Jahangirnagar Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Informat, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Hosseini M:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tehran, Iran

 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Pediat Chron Kidney Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Hoveidamanesh S:
 Shahid Motahari Hosp, Burn Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Huang J:
 Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Jockey Club Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

Humayun A:
 Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan Med Coll, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Lahore, Pakistan

Hussain R:
 Univ Sci Malaysia, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

Hwang B:
 China Med Univ, Dept Occupat Safety & Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan

Ibitoye S:
 Univ Ibadan, Dept Hlth Promot & Educ, Ibadan, Nigeria

Ikuta K:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Div Allergy & Infect Dis, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

Inbaraj L:
 Bangalore Baptist Hosp, Div Community Hlth & Family Med, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

Iqbal U:
 Taipei Med Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Taipei, Taiwan

Islam M:
 Inst Publ Hlth Nutr, Dept Nutr Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh

 Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Activ & Nutr, Burwood, Vic, Australia

Islam S:
 Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Islam R:
 Monash Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Preventat Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Ismail N:
 MAHSA Univ, Dept Clin Pharm, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia

Isola G:
 Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Surg Med Specialties, Catania, Italy

Itumalla R:
 Univ Hail, Dept Hlth Management, Hail, Saudi Arabia

Iwagami M:
 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Noncommunicable Dis Epidemiol, London, England

 Univ Tsukuba, Dept Hlth Serv Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Iyamu I:
 Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC, Canada

 Ctr Hlth Evaluat & Outcome Sci, Knowledge Translat Program, Vancouver, BC, Canada

Jahani M:
 Babol Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Babol, Iran

Jakovljevic M:
 Hosei Univ, Inst Comparat Econ Studies, Tokyo, Japan

 Univ Kragujevac, Dept Global Hlth Econ & Policy, Kragujevac, Serbia

Jayawardena R:
 Univ Colombo, Dept Physiol, Colombo, Sri Lanka

 Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Exercise & Nutr Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

Jha R:
 Banaras Hindu Univ, Dept Community Med, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

John O:
 Univ New South Wales, Dept Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 George Inst Global Hlth, Renal & Cardiovasc Div, New Delhi, India

Jonas J:
 Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany

 Beijing Tongren Hosp, Beijing Inst Ophthalmol, Beijing, Peoples R China

Joo T:
 Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary

Kabir A:
 Iran Univ Med Sci, Minimally Invas Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Kalhor R:
 Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Inst Prevent Noncommunicable Dis, Qazvin, Iran

 Qazvin Univ Med Sci, Hlth Serv Management Dept, Qazvin, Iran

Kamath A:
 Kasturba Med Coll & Hosp, Mangalore, India

Kanchan T:
 All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Forens Med & Toxicol, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India

Kandel H:
 Univ Sydney, Save Sight Inst, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 South Eastern Sydney Local Hlth Dist, Sydney Eye Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Kapoor N:
 Govt Inst Forens Sci, Dept Forens Sci, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Kayode G:
 Inst Human Virol Nigeria, Int Res Ctr Excellence, Abuja, Nigeria

 Univ Utrecht, Julius Ctr Hlth Sci & Primary Care, Utrecht, Netherlands

Kebede S:
 Univ Gondar, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Gondar, Faroe Islands

Keshavarz P:
 Univ Georgia, Sch Sci & Technol, Tbilisi, Georgia

 New Hosp LTD, Dept Diagnost & Intervent Radiol, Tbilisi, Georgia

Keykhaei M:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Students Sci Res Ctr SSRC, Tehran, Iran

Khader Y:
 Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Publ Hlth, Irbid, Jordan

Khajuria H:
 Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India

Khan M:
 United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Family Med, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates

 NHS North West London, Primary Care Dept, London, England

Khan M:
 Jazan Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Jazan, Saudi Arabia

 United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Family Med, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates

 NHS North West London, Primary Care Dept, London, England

 Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam Univ, Dept Populat Sci, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Khater A:
 Cairo Univ, Natl Hepatol & Trop Med Res Inst, Cairo, Egypt

Khoja T:
 Council Gulf Cooperat Council States, Execut Board Hlth Ministers, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Khubchandani J:
 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA

Kim M:
 Samsung Adv Inst Hlth Sci Technol SAIHST, Dept Genom & Digital Hlth, Seoul, South Korea

 Minist Hlth & Welf, Publ Hlth Ctr, Wando, South Korea

Kim Y:
 Xiamen Univ Malaysia, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Sepang, Malaysia

Kimokoti R:
 Simmons Univ, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA USA

Kisa S:
 Oslo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, Oslo, Norway

Kisa A:
 Kristiania Univ Coll, Sch Hlth Sci, Oslo, Norway

 Tulane Univ, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA

Kivimaki M:
 UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London, England

 Univ Helsinki, Dept Publ Hlth, Helsinki, Finland

Korshunov V:
 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia

Korzh O:
 Kharkiv Med Acad Postgrad Educ, Dept Gen Practice Family Med, Kharkiv, Ukraine

Koyanagi A:
 Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, San Juan Dios Sanit Pk, St Boi De Llobregat, Spain

 Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain

Krishan K:
 Panjab Univ, Dept Anthropol, Chandigarh, India

Defo B:
 Univ Montreal, Dept Demog, Montreal, PQ, Canada

 Univ Montreal, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada

Kumar G:
 Publ Hlth Fdn India, Gurugram, India

Kumar N:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India

 Mizoram Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Aizawl, India

Kusuma D:
 Imperial Coll London, Imperial Coll Business Sch, London, England

 Univ Indonesia, Fac Publ Hlth, Depok, Indonesia

La Vecchia C:
 Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy

Lacey B:
 Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England

 Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, Natl Inst Hlth Res, Oxford, England

Larsson A:
 Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden

 Uppsala Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Chem & Pharmacol, Uppsala, Sweden

Lasrado S:
 Father Muller Med Coll, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Mangalore, India

Lee W:
 Univ Texas Galveston, Off Hlth Policy & Legislat Affairs, Galveston, TX USA

Lee C:
 China Med Univ, Dept Hlth Serv Adm, Taichung, Taiwan

Lee P:
 Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England

Lee S:
 Monash Univ, Sch Pharm, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia

 Taylors Univ, Sch Pharm, Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia

Li M:
 Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Hlth Promot & Hlth Educ, Taipei, Taiwan

Lim S:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Lim L:
 Univ Malaya, Dept Med, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

 Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med & Therapeut, Shatin, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

Lucchetti G:
 Univ Fed Juiz de Fora, Sch Med, Juiz De Fora, Brazil

Majeed A:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

Malik A:
 King Abdulaziz Univ, Rabigh Fac Med, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

 Univ Lahore, Univ Inst Publ Hlth, Lahore, Pakistan

Mansouri B:
 Kermanshah Univ Med Sci, Subst Abuse Prevent Res Ctr, Kermanshah, Iran

Mantovani L:
 Univ Milano Bicocca, Sch Med & Surg, Monza, Italy

 IRCCS MultiMed, Value Based Healthcare Unit, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy

Martini S:
 Airlangga Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Surabaya, Indonesia

 Indonesian Publ Hlth Assoc, Surabaya, Indonesia

Mathur P:
 Indian Council Med Res, Natl Ctr Dis Informat & Res, Bengaluru, India

McAlinden C:
 Singleton Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales

Mehedi N:
 Shahjalal Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Social Work, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Mekonnen T:
 Univ Oslo, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway

Menezes R:
 Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Forens Med Div, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Mersha A:
 Univ Newcastle, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

 Univ Gondar, Sch Med, Gondar, Ethiopia

Jonasson J:
 Univ Gothenburg, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden

Miazgowski T:
 Pomeranian Med Univ, Dept Propedeut Internal Dis & Arterial Hypertens, Szczecin, Poland

Michalek I:
 Lausanne Univ Hosp, Woman Mother Child Dept, Lausanne, Switzerland

Mirica A:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

Mirrakhimov E:
 Kyrgyz State Med Acad, Internal Med Programme, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

 Natl Ctr Cardiol & Internal Dis, Dept Atherosclerosis & Coronary Heart Dis, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

Mirza A:
 Umm Al Qura Univ, Dept Chem, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

Mithra P:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India

Mohammadian-Hafshejani A:
 Shahrekord Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Shahrekord, Iran

Mohammadpourhodki R:
 Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Dept Nursing, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran

Mohammed A:
 Univ Jeddah, Dept Biol, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Mokdad A:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Molokhia M:
 Kings Coll London, Fac Life Sci & Med, London, England

Monasta L:
 Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy

Moni M:
 Pabna Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Pabna, Bangladesh

Moradpour F:
 Kurdistan Univ Med Sci, Social Determinants Hlth Res Ctr, Sanandaj, Iran

Moradzadeh R:
 Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Arak, Iran

Mostafavi E:
 Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

 Stanford Univ, Stanford Cardiovasc Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

Mueller U:
 Fed Inst Populat Res, Wiesbaden, Germany

 Ctr Populat & Hlth, Wiesbaden, Germany

Murray C:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Mustafa A:
 Staten Isl Univ Hosp Northwell Hlth, Dept Internal Med, Staten Isl, NY USA

Nagel G:
 Ulm Univ, Inst Epidemiol & Med Biometry, Ulm, Germany

Nangia V:
 Suraj Eye Inst, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Naqvi A:
 Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Dept Pharm Practice, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

 Univ Sci, Discipline Social & Adm Pharm, George Town, Malaysia

Nayak B:
 Amity Univ, Amity Inst Forens Sci, Noida, India

Nazari J:
 Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Arak, Iran

Ndejjo R:
 Makerere Univ, Dept Dis Control & Environm Hlth, Kampala, Uganda

Negoi R:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Anat & Embryol, Bucharest, Romania

 Cardioaid, Bucharest, Romania

Kandel N:
 Estia Hlth, Estia Hlth Blakehurst, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Nguyen C:
 Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Hanoi, Vietnam

Nguyen H:
 Duy Tan Univ, Inst Global Hlth Innovat, Hanoi, Vietnam

Noubiap J:
 Univ Adelaide, Ctr Heart Rhythm Disorders, Adelaide, SA, Australia

Nowak C:
 Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Huddinge, Sweden

Oancea B:
 Univ Bucharest, Adm & Econ Sci Dept, Bucharest, Romania

Odukoya O:
 Univ Lagos, Dept Community Hlth & Primary Care, Idi Araba, Nigeria

 Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA

Oguntade A:
 UCL, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, London, England

 Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria

Ojo T:
 NYU, Dept Social & Behav Sci, New York, NY USA

Olagunju A:
 McMaster Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Hamilton, ON, Canada

 Univ Lagos, Dept Psychiat, Lagos, Nigeria

Onwujekwe O:
 Univ Nigeria Nsukka, Dept Pharmacol & Therapeut, Enugu, Nigeria

Ortiz A:
 Autonomous Univ Madrid, Dept Med, Madrid, Spain

 Fdn Jimenez Diaz Univ Hosp, Dept Hypertens & Nephrol, Inst Hlth Res, Madrid, Spain

Owolabi M:
 Univ Ibadan, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria

 Univ Coll Hosp, Dept Med, Ibadan, Nigeria

Palladino R:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

 Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy

Panda-Jonas S:
 Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Heidelberg, Germany

Pandi-Perumal S:
 Somnogen Canada Inc, Corp, Toronto, ON, Canada

Pardhan S:
 Anglia Ruskin Univ, Vis & Eye Res Inst, Cambridge, England

Parekh T:
 George Mason Univ, Dept Hlth Adm & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA

Parvizi M:
 Mayo Clin, Div Endocrinol, Rochester, MN USA

Pepito V:
 Ateneo Manila Univ, Ctr Res & Innovat, Pasig, Philippines

Perianayagam A:
 Int Inst Populat Sci, Dept Dev Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Pilania M:
 Mahatma Gandhi Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Community Med, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Podder V:
 Univ Adelaide, Sch Publ Hlth, Adelaide, SA, Australia

 Tairunnessa Mem Med Coll & Hosp, Coll Med, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Polibin R:
 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Evidence Based Med, Moscow, Russia

Postma M:
 Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

 Univ Groningen, Sch Econ & Business, Groningen, Netherlands

Prashant A:
 Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Univ, Dept Biochem, Mysuru, India

Rabiee N:
 Sharif Univ Technol, Dept Phys, Tehran, Iran

Rabiee M:
 Amirkabir Univ Technol, Dept Biomed Engn, Tehran, Iran

Rahimi-Movaghar V:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Sina Trauma & Surg Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Rahman M:
 Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Rahman M:
 La Trobe Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Federat Univ Australia, Sch Nursing & Healthcare Profess, Berwick, Vic, Australia

 Univ Rajshahi, Dept Populat Sci & Human Resource Dev, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Rahmawaty S:
 Muhammadiyah Univ Surakarta, Dept Nutr Sci, Surakarta, Indonesia

Rajai N:
 Harvard Univ, Dept Internal Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA

Ram P:
 Emory Univ, Dept Cardiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA

Rana J:
 North South Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh

 Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Amherst, MA USA

Ranabhat K:
 Minist Hlth & Populat, Hlth Emergency Operat Ctr, Kathmandu, Nepal

 Inst Med, Cent Dept Publ Hlth, Kathmandu, Nepal

Ranasinghe P:
 Univ Colombo, Dept Pharmacol, Colombo, Sri Lanka

Rao C:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Manipal, India

Rao S:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Infect Dis, Mangalore, India

Rawaf S:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

 Publ Hlth England, Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England

Rawaf D:
 Imperial Coll London, WHO Collaborating Ctr Publ Hlth Educ & Training, London, England

 Univ Coll London Hosp, London, England

Rawal L:
 CQ Univ, Sch Hlth Med & Appl Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Renzaho A:
 Western Sydney Univ, Sch Med, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia

 Western Sydney Univ, Translat Hlth Res Inst, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia

Rezaei N:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran

 Universal Sci Educ & Res Network USERN, Network Immun Infect Malignancy & Autoimmun NIIMA, Tehran, Iran

Rezapour A:
 Iran Univ Med Sci, Hlth Management & Econ Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Riahi S:
 Birjand Univ Med Sci, Cardiovasc Dis Res Ctr, Birjand, Iran

Ribeiro D:
 Univ Porto, Associated Lab Green Chem LAQV, Porto, Portugal

 Univ Azores, Fac Agr Sci & Environm, Angra Do Heroismo, Portugal

Rodriguez J:
 Univ Antioquia, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Medellin, Colombia

Roever L:
 Univ Fed Uberlandia, Dept Clin Res, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil

Rohloff P:
 Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA

 Wuqu Kawoq Maya Hlth Alliance, Ctr Indigenous Hlth Res, Tecpan, Guatemala

Rwegerera G:
 Univ Botswana, Dept Internal Med, Gaborone, Botswana

Ryan P:
 Univ Coll Cork, Sch Med, Cork, Ireland

Saber-Ayad M:
 Univ Sharjah, Dept Clin Sci, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

 Cairo Univ, Dept Med Pharmacol, Giza, Egypt

Sabour S:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Tehran, Iran

Saddik B:
 Univ Sharjah, Sharjah Inst Med Res, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

Moghaddam S:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Sahebkar A:
 Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Appl Biomed Res Ctr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran

 Mashhad Univ Med Sci, Biotechnol Res Ctr, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran

Sahoo H:
 Int Inst Populat Sci, Dept Dev Studies, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India

Saif-Ur-Rahman K:
 Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Hlth Syst & Populat Studies Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh

 Nagoya Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

Salimzadeh H:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Digest Dis Res Inst, Tehran, Iran

Samaei M:
 Brown Univ, Emergency Dept, Providence, RI 02912 USA

Sanabria J:
 Marshall Univ, Dept Surg, Huntington, WV USA

 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Nutr & Prevent Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

Santric-Milicevic M:
 Univ Belgrade, Fac Med, Belgrade, Serbia

 Univ Belgrade, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Management, Belgrade, Serbia

Sathian B:
 Hamad Med Corp, Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept, Doha, Qatar

 Bournemouth Univ, Fac Hlth & Social Sci, Bournemouth, Dorset, England

Sathish T:
 McMaster Univ, Populat Hlth Res Inst, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Schlaich M:
 Univ Western Australia, Dobney Hypertens Ctr, Perth, WA, Australia

 Baker Heart & Diabet Inst, Hypertens & Kidney Dis Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Seidu A:
 Univ Cape Coast, Dept Populat & Hlth, Cape Coast, Ghana

 James Cook Univ, Coll Publ Hlth Med & Vet Sci, Townsville, Qld, Australia

Sekerija M:
 Univ Zagreb, Dept Med Stat Epidemiol & Med Informat, Zagreb, Croatia

 Croatian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Chron Noncommunicable Di, Zagreb, Croatia

Kumar N:
 Mizoram Univ, Dept Biotechnol, Aizawl, India

Seylani A:
 NHLBI, NIH, Rockville, MD USA

Shamshad H:
 Univ Karachi, Pharmaceut Sci Res Inst, Karachi, Pakistan

Shawon M:
 Univ New South Wales, Ctr Big Data Res Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Sheikhbahaei S:
 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Radiol & Radiol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA

Shetty J:
 Manipal Univ Coll Melaka, Dept Biochem, Melaka, Malaysia

Shiri R:
 Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland

Shivakumar K:
 Krishna Inst Med Sci, Publ Hlth Dent Dept, Karad, India

Shuval K:
 Univ Haifa, Sch Publ Hlth, Haifa, Israel

 Cooper Inst, Dallas, TX USA

Singh J:
 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL USA

 US Dept Vet Affairs VA, Med Serv, Birmingham, AL USA

Singh A:
 Univ Tasmania, Menzies Inst Med Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia

Skryabin V:
 Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Dept 16, Moscow, Russia

Skryabina A:
 Balashiha Cent Hosp, Dept Therapeut, Balashikha, Russia

Sofi-Mahmudi A:
 Noncommunicable Dis Res Ctr NCDRC, Dept Oral Hlth, Tehran, Iran

 Iranian Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Cochrane Iran Associate Ctr, Natl Inst Med Res Dev NIMAD, Tehran, Iran

Soheili A:
 Semnan Univ Med Sci, Nursing Care Res Ctr, Semnan, Iran

Sun J:
 Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Comp Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 Griffith Univ, Sch Med, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia

Szerencses V:
 Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary

Szocska M:
 Semmelweis Univ, Fac Hlth & Publ Adm, Budapest, Hungary

Tabares-Seisdedos R:
 Univ Valencia, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain

 Carlos III Hlth Inst, Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, Madrid, Spain

Tadbiri H:
 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA

Tadesse E:
 Arba Minch Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Arba Minch, Ethiopia

Tariqujjaman M:
 Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Nutr & Clin Serv Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Thankappan K:
 Cent Univ Kerala, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Kasaragod, India

Thapar R:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Mangalore, India

Thomas N:
 Christian Med Coll & Hosp CMC, Dept Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India

Timalsina B:
 Dongguk Univ, Dept Anat, Geongju Si, South Korea

Tobe-Gai R:
 Natl Inst Populat & Social Secur Res, Dept Social Secur Empir Res, Tokyo, Japan

Tonelli M:
 Univ Calgary, Dept Med, Calgary, AB, Canada

Tovani-Palone M:
 Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Pathol & Legal Med, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil

 Modestum LTD, London, England

Tran B:
 Hanoi Med Univ, Dept Hlth Econ, Hanoi, Vietnam

Tripathy J:
 All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community Med, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Car L:
 Nanyang Technol Univ, Lee Kong Chian Sch Med, Singapore, Singapore

Tusa B:
 Haramaya Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Haramaya, Ethiopia

Uddin R:
 Deakin Univ, Inst Phys Act & Nutr, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Univ Queensland, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

Upadhyay E:
 Amity Univ Rajasthan, Amity Inst Biotechnol, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

Tahbaz S:
 Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

 Islamic Azad Univ, Dept Microbiol, Tehran, Iran

Valdez P:
 Argentine Soc Med, Board Directors, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

 Velez Sarsfield Hosp, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

Vasankari T:
 UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland

 Tampere Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Technol, Tampere, Finland

Verma M:
 All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Community & Family Med, Bathinda, India

Villalobos-Daniel V:
 Minist Hlth, Ctr Dis & Control Programs, Mexico City, DF, Mexico

 Univ Calif Berkeley, Hlth Initiat Amer, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

Vladimirov S:
 IM Sechenov First Moscow State Med Univ, Dept Informat & Internet Technol, Moscow, Russia

 Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Lab Publ Hlth Indicators Anal & Hlth Digitalizat, Dolgoprudnyi, Russia

Vo B:
 Ho Chi Minh City Univ Technol HUTECH, Fac Informat Technol, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Vu G:
 Nguyen Tat Thanh Univ, Ctr Excellence Behav Med, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

Vukovic R:
 Univ Belgrade, Sch Med, Belgrade, Serbia

 Mother & Child Healthcare Inst Serbia Dr Vukan Cu, Dept Pediat Endocrinol, Belgrade, Serbia

Waheed Y:
 Fdn Univ Islamabad, Fdn Univ Med Coll, Islamabad, Pakistan

Wamai R:
 Northeastern Univ, Cultures Soc & Global Studies, Boston, MA 02115 USA

 Northeastern Univ, Integrated Initiat Global Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA

 Univ Nairobi, Sch Publ Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya

Werdecker A:
 Demog Change & Aging Res Area, Wiesbaden, Germany

Wickramasinghe N:
 Rajarata Univ Sri Lanka, Dept Community Med, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka

Winkler A:
 Univ Oslo, Inst Hlth & Soc, Oslo, Norway

 Tech Univ Munich, Dept Neurol, Munich, Germany

Wubishet B:
 Univ Newcastle, Res Ctr Generat Hlth & Ageing, Newcastle, NSW, Australia

 Mekelle Univ, Sch Pharm, Mekelle, Ethiopia

Xu X:
 Univ New South Wales, Sch Populat Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia

 George Inst Global Hlth, Cardiovasc Program, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Xu S:
 Univ Sci & Technol China, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Endocrinol, Hefei, Peoples R China

 Univ Rochester, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA

Jabbari S:
 Milad Gen Hosp, Clin Canc Res Ctr, Tehran, Iran

Yatsuya H:
 Nagoya Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Hlth Syst, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan

 Fujita Hlth Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan

Yaya S:
 Univ Oxford, George Inst Global Hlth, Oxford, England

 Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Yazie T:
 Debre Tabor Univ, Dept Pharm, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia

Yi S:
 Natl Univ Singapore, Saw Swee Hock Sch Publ Hlth, Singapore, Singapore

 KHANA, KHANA Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Phnom Penh, Cambodia

Yonemoto N:
 Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Dept Neuropsychopharmacol, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan

 Juntendo Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Tokyo, Japan

Yunusa I:
 Univ South Carolina, Dept Clin Pharm & Outcomes Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA

Zadey S:
 Duke Univ, Duke Global Hlth Inst, Durham, NC USA

Bin Zaman S:
 Monash Univ, Sch Clin Sci, Monash Hlth, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Maternal & Child Hlth Div, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Zamanian M:
 Arak Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Arak, Iran

Zamora N:
 Med Coll La Paz, La Paz, Bolivia

Zastrozhin M:
 Moscow Res & Pract Ctr Addict, Lab Genet & Genom, Moscow, Russia

 Russian Med Acad Continuous Profess Educ, Addictol Dept, Moscow, Russia

Zastrozhina A:
 Peoples Friendship Univ Russia, Moscow, Russia

Zhang Z:
 Wuhan Univ, Sch Med, Wuhan, Peoples R China

Zhong C:
 Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Jockey Club Sch Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

Zmaili M:
 Cleveland Clin, Inst Heart & Vasc, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

Zumla A:
 UCL, Dept Infect, London, England

 Univ Coll London Hosp, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr NIHR BRC, London, England

Naghavi M:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Schmidt M:
 Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
ISSN: 22138587





Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Editorial
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, STE 800, 230 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10169 USA, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 10 Número: 3
Páginas: 177-192
WOS Id: 000790559900001
ID de PubMed: 35143780
imagen Green Published, Green Accepted, hybrid

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