The state of health in the European Union (EU-27) in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019


Por: Santos J, Padron-Monedero A, Bikbov B, Grad D, Plass D, Mechili E, Gazzelloni F, Fischer F, Sulo G, Ngwa C, Noguer-Zambrano I, Peñalvo J, Haagsma J, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Monasta L, Ghith N, Sarmiento-Suárez R, Hrzic R, Haneef R, O'Caoimh R, Cuschieri S, Mondello S, Kabir Z, Abbafati C, Abolhassani H, Adekanmbi V, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi S, Al-Jumaily A, Alla F, Alonso J, Ancuceanu R, Andrei C, Andrei T, Androudi S, Antó J, Appiah S, Aremu O, Armocida B, Ärnlöv J, Arumugam A, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Ayuso-Mateos J, Banach M, Bärnighausen T, Barone-Adesi F, Barteit S, Basu S, Baune B, Beghi M, Belo L, Bennett D, Biondi A, Bohluli M, do Nascimento I, Bragazzi N, Braithwaite T, Brenner H, Buonsenso D, Busse R, Calina D, Carreras G, Carvalho M, Castelpietra G, Catapano A, Cattaruzza M, Chandan J, Charalampous P, Chattu V, Chen S, Chowdhury R, Christensen H, Chung S, Conde J, Corso B, Cruz-Martins N, Damiani G, de la Torre-luque A, Demetriades A, Dervenis N, Dianatinasab M, da Silva D, Douiri A, Edvardsson D, Bain L, Esposito F, Fagbamigbe A, Farinha C, Fereshtehnejad S, Fernandes J, Ferrara P, Gaal P, Gallus S, Galluzzo L, Fonseca M, Gazzard G, Gialluisi A, Giampaoli S, Gill P, Glasbey J, Gorini G, Grivna M, Hafiz A, Haro J, Hartvigsen J, Hay S, Heibati B, Hillus D, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Hussain S, Isola G, Johnson O, Jonas J, Joo T, Jozwiak J, Jürisson M, Karanikolos M, Kauppila J, Khan M, Khatab K, Klugar M, Koyanagi A, Kurmi O, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Lamnisos D, Larson H, Larsson A, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Lazarus J, Ledda C, Lee P, Leinsalu M, Leonardi M, Levi M, Li A, Linehan C, Logroscino G, Lorkowski S, Loureiro J, Lyons R, Madureira-Carvalho A, Majeed A, Mathioudakis A, McAlinden C, McGrath J, Menezes R, Mentis A, Meretoja A, Meretoja T, Mestrovic T, Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Mirica A, Mohammed S, Mokdad A, Mons U, Morgado-da-Costa J, Mulita F, Murray C, Negoi I, Negoi R, Negru S, Nena E, Noor N, Ntaios G, Oancea B, Osei F, Otoiu A, Palladino R, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Patel J, Paun M, Pedersini P, Pensato U, Pereira R, Pérez-Gómez J, Perico N, Petcu I, Peterson C, Pinheiro M, Postma M, Raggi A, Rahmani A, Rao C, Rawaf S, Rawassizadeh R, Remuzzi G, Riad A, Sacco S, Saeb M, Sathian B, Sattin D, Scarmeas N, Schwendicke F, Shiri R, Shivarov V, Sibhatu K, Simonetti B, Skou S, Soriano J, Soyiri I, Steel N, Stefan S, Steinbeis F, Steiropoulos P, Stockfelt L, Stranges S, Sundström J, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Thiyagarajan A, Topor-Madry R, Tovani-Palone M, Tsilimparis N, Unim B, Vacante M, van den Eynde J, Vasankari T, Veroux M, Villafañe J, Violante F, Wang Y, Westerman R, Wolfe C, Wyper G, Yaya S, Zadnik V, Zeitoun J, Zumla A, Freitas A, Devleesschauwer B

Publicada: 22 may 2024
Resumen:
Background The European Union (EU) faces many health-related challenges. Burden of diseases information and the resulting trends over time are essential for health planning. This paper reports estimates of disease burden in the EU and individual 27 EU countries in 2019, and compares them with those in 2010.Methods We used the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study estimates and 95% uncertainty intervals for the whole EU and each country to evaluate age-standardised death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates for Level 2 causes, as well as life expectancy and healthy life expectancy (HALE).Results In 2019, the age-standardised death and DALY rates in the EU were 465.8 deaths and 20,251.0 DALYs per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. Between 2010 and 2019, there were significant decreases in age-standardised death and YLL rates across EU countries. However, YLD rates remained mainly unchanged. The largest decreases in age-standardised DALY rates were observed for "HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases" and "transport injuries" (each -19%). "Diabetes and kidney diseases" showed a significant increase for age-standardised DALY rates across the EU (3.5%). In addition, "mental disorders" showed an increasing age-standardised YLL rate (14.5%).Conclusions There was a clear trend towards improvement in the overall health status of the EU but with differences between countries. EU health policymakers need to address the burden of diseases, paying specific attention to causes such as mental disorders. There are many opportunities for mutual learning among otherwise similar countries with different patterns of disease. center dot This article, systematically analysing GBD 2019 study estimates, presents an overview of the state of health in the European Union in 2019, compared to 2010.center dot There was an improvement in the overall health status of the EU, despite substantial differences between Member States.center dot Cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms are the major contributors to the overall burden of diseases in the EU in 2019.center dot The age-standardised rate of years lived with disability due to mental disorders has been increasing and is expected to increase even more because of the COVID-19 pandemic.center dot This report provides a framework upon which to base further region- and country-specific health policies and interventions, to support health planning and priority setting.

Filiaciones:
Santos J:
 Univ Porto, CINTESIS RISE, MEDCIDS, Fac Med, Porto, Portugal

 ULS Santo Antonio, Publ Hlth Unit, Porto, Portugal

Padron-Monedero A:
 Inst Hlth Carlos III, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain

Bikbov B:
 Sci Tools Org, Bergamo, Italy

Grad D:
 RoNeuro Inst Neurol Res & Diagnost, Res Dept, Cluj Napoca, Romania

 Univ Babes Bolyai, Dept Publ Hlth, Cluj Napoca, Romania

Plass D:
 German Environm Agcy, Dept Exposure Assessment & Environm Hlth Indicato, Dessau Rosslau, Germany

Mechili E:
 Univ Vlora, Dept Healthcare, Vlora, Albania

 Univ Crete, Clin Social & Family Med, Iraklion, Greece

Fischer F:
 Ravensburg Weingarten Univ Appl Sci, Inst Gerontol Hlth Serv & Nursing Res, Weingarten, Germany

Sulo G:
 Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Burden, Bergen, Norway

Ngwa C:
 Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Fac Hlth Sci, Beirut, Lebanon

Noguer-Zambrano I:
 Inst Hlth Carlos III, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain

Peñalvo J:
 Inst Salud Carlos III, Natl Ctr Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain

 Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA USA

Haagsma J:
 Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Kissimova-Skarbek K:
 Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Dept Hlth Econ & Social Secur, Krakow, Poland

Monasta L:
 Burlo Garofolo Inst Maternal & Child Hlth, Clin Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Trieste, Italy

Ghith N:
 Danish Canc Inst, Res Grp Childhood Canc, Danish Canc Soc, Copenhagen, Denmark

Sarmiento-Suárez R:
 Inst Hlth Carlos III, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain

 Univ Appl & Environm Sci, Dept Hlth & Soc, Fac Med, Bogota, Colombia

Hrzic R:
 Maastricht Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Maastricht, Netherlands

Haneef R:
 Sante Publ France Publ Hlth France, Dept Noncommunicable Dis & Injuries, St Maurice, France

O'Caoimh R:
 Univ Coll Cork, Dept Med, Cork, Ireland

 Mercy Univ Hosp, Dept Geriatr Med, Cork, Ireland

Cuschieri S:
 Univ Malta, Dept Anat, Msida, Malta

Mondello S:
 Univ Messina, Dept Biomed & Dent Sci & Morphofunct Imaging, Messina, Italy

Kabir Z:
 Univ Coll Cork, Sch Publ Hlth, Cork, Ireland

Abbafati C:
 Sapienza Univ, Dept Jurid & Econ Studies, Rome, Italy

Abolhassani H:
 Univ Tehran Med Sci, Res Ctr Immunodeficiencies, Tehran, Iran

 Karolinska Univ Hosp, Dept Biosci & Nutr, Huddinge, Sweden

Adekanmbi V:
 Univ Texas, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Galveston, TX USA

Ahmadi K:
 Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England

Ahmadi S:
 Shahid Beheshti Univ Med Sci, Sch Adv Technol Med, Tehran, Iran

Al-Jumaily A:
 Charles Sturt Univ, Sch Comp Math & Engn, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia

 ENSTA Bretagne, Informat & Commun Sci & Technol Pole, Math Algorithms & Decis Team, Brest, France

Alla F:
 Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sch Publ Hlth, Bordeaux, France

Alonso J:
 Univ Pompeu Fabra, Res Program Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Barcelona, Spain

 Biomed Res Networking Ctr Epidemiol & Publ Hlth C, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Madrid, Spain

Ancuceanu R:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Fac Pharm, Bucharest, Romania

Andrei C:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Cardiol, Bucharest, Romania

Andrei T:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

Androudi S:
 Univ Thessaly, Dept Med, Volos, Greece

Antó J:
 Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, NonCommunicable Dis & Environm Programme, Barcelona, Spain

 Univ Pompeu Fabra, Dept Expt & Hlth Sci, Barcelona, Spain

Appiah S:
 Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Sociol & Social Work, Kumasi, Ghana

 Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Ctr Int Hlth, Munich, Germany

Aremu O:
 Birmingham City Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Birmingham, W Midlands, England

Armocida B:
 Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metab Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy

Ärnlöv J:
 Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden

 Dalarna Univ, Sch Hlth & Social Studies, Falun, Sweden

Arumugam A:
 Univ Sharjah, Dept Physiotherapy, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates

 Umea Univ, Dept Community Med & Rehabil, Umea, Sweden

Attia S:
 Justus Liebig Univ Giessen, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Giessen, Germany

Aujayeb A:
 Northumbria HealthCare NHS Fdn Trust, Natl Hlth Serv NHS Scotland, Newcastle Upon Tyne, Tyne & Wear, England

Ausloos M:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

 Univ Leicester, Sch Business, Leicester, Leics, England

Ayuso-Mateos J:
 Autonomous Univ Madrid, Dept Psychiat, Madrid, Spain

 Inst Hlth Carlos III, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain

Banach M:
 Med Univ Lodz, Dept Hypertens, Lodz, Poland

 Polish Mothers Mem Hosp Res Inst, Lodz, Poland

Bärnighausen T:
 Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany

 Harvard Univ, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA

Barone-Adesi F:
 Univ Piemonte Orientale, Dept Translat Med, Novara, Italy

Barteit S:
 Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany

Basu S:
 Imperial Coll London, Sch Publ Hlth, London, England

 Harvard Univ, Ctr Primary Care, Boston, MA USA

Baune B:
 Univ Munster, Dept Psychiat, Munster, Germany

 Melbourne Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Beghi M:
 AUSL Romagna, Dept Mental Hlth, Ravenna, Italy

Belo L:
 Univ Porto, Dept Biol Sci, Porto, Portugal

 Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal

Bennett D:
 Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England

Biondi A:
 Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Med Surg Specialties, Catania, Italy

Bohluli M:
 Inst Adv Studies Basic Sci, Dept Comp Sci & Informat Technol, Zanjan, Iran

 Petanux Res GmBH, Dept Res & Innovat, Bonn, Germany

do Nascimento I:
 Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Sch Med & Univ Hosp, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

 World Hlth Org WHO, Div Country Hlth Policies & Syst, Copenhagen, Denmark

Bragazzi N:
 Univ Genoa, Genoa, Italy

Braithwaite T:
 Moorfields Eye Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, Dept Ophthalmol, London, England

 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Int Ctr Eye Hlth, London, England

Brenner H:
 German Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol & Aging Res, Heidelberg, Germany

Buonsenso D:
 Agostino Gemelli Univ Polyclin IRCCS Fdn Policlin, Dept Woman & Child Hlth & Publ Hlth, Rome, Italy

 Univ Cattol Sacro Cuore, Global Hlth Res Inst, Rome, Italy

Busse R:
 Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany

Calina D:
 Univ Med & Pharm Craiova, Clin Pharm, Craiova, Romania

Carreras G:
 Inst Canc Res Prevent & Clin Network, Florence, Italy

Carvalho M:
 Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal

 Univ Fernando Pessoa, Fac Hlth Sci, Porto, Portugal

Castelpietra G:
 Univ Udine, Dept Med, Udine, Italy

 Healthcare Agcy Friuli Occidentale, Dept Mental Hlth, Pordenone, Italy

Catapano A:
 Univ Milan, Dept Pharmacol & Biomol Sci, Milan, Italy

 IRCCS, MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Italy

Cattaruzza M:
 Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Publ Hlth & Infect Dis, Rome, Italy

Chandan J:
 Univ Birmingham, Inst Appl Hlth Res, Birmingham, W Midlands, England

Charalampous P:
 Erasmus MC, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands

Chattu V:
 Univ W Indies, Fac Med Sci, St Augustine, Trinidad Tobago

 Independent Consultant, Athens, Greece

Chen S:
 Heidelberg Univ, Heidelberg Inst Global Hlth HIGH, Heidelberg, Germany

Chowdhury R:
 Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL USA

 Univ Bern, Dept Epidemiol, Bern, Switzerland

Christensen H:
 Univ Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark

Chung S:
 UCL, Dept Hlth Informat, London, England

 Hlth Data Res UK, London, England

Conde J:
 Nova Univ Lisbon, Nova Med Sch, Lisbon, Portugal

Corso B:
 CNR, Inst Neurosci, Pisa, Italy

Cruz-Martins N:
 Polytech & Univ Higher Educ Cooperat, Therapeut & Diagnost Technol, Gandra, Portugal

 Univ Porto, Inst Res & Innovat Hlth, Porto, Portugal

Damiani G:
 Univ Milan, IRCCS Ist Ortoped Galeazzi, Milan, Italy

 Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Dermatol, Cleveland, OH USA

de la Torre-luque A:
 Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Legal Med Psychiat & Pathol, Madrid, Spain

Demetriades A:
 Univ Edinburgh, Dept Neurosurg, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

 Natl Hlth Serv NHS Scotland, Dept Neurosurg, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

Dervenis N:
 Royal Liverpool Univ Hosp, St Pauls Eye Unit, Liverpool, Merseyside, England

 Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Dept Ophthalmol, Thessaloniki, Greece

Dianatinasab M:
 Maastricht Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Maastricht, Netherlands

 Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Dept Epidemiol, Shiraz, Iran

da Silva D:
 Univ Porto, Res Unit Appl Mol Biosci UCIBIO, Porto, Portugal

 Univ Polytech Higher Educ Cooperat, Toxicol Res Unit TOXRUN, Gandra, Portugal

Douiri A:
 Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth & Environm Sci, London, England

Edvardsson D:
 La Trobe Univ, Sch Nursing & Midwifery, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

 Umea Univ, Dept Nursing, Umea, Sweden

Bain L:
 Univ Lincoln, Lincoln Int Inst Rural Hlth, Lincoln, England

Esposito F:
 Univ Bologna, Dept Biomed & Neuromotor Sci, Bologna, Italy

Fagbamigbe A:
 Univ Ibadan, Dept Epidemiol & Med Stat, Ibadan, Nigeria

 Univ Aberdeen, Inst Appl Hlth Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland

Farinha C:
 Natl Inst Stat, Disseminat Div, Lisbon, Portugal

 Directorate Gen Hlth DGS, Act Planning & Control Unit, Lisbon, Portugal

Fereshtehnejad S:
 Karolinska Inst, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc, Stockholm, Sweden

 Univ Ottawa, Div Neurol, Ottawa, ON, Canada

Fernandes J:
 Catholic Univ Portugal, Ctr Biotechnol & Fine Chem, Porto, Portugal

Ferrara P:
 Univ Milano Bicocca, Res Ctr Publ Hlth, Monza, Italy

Gaal P:
 Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary

 Sapientia Hungarian Univ Transylvania, Dept Appl Social Sci, Targu Mures, Romania

Gallus S:
 Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Milan, Italy

Galluzzo L:
 Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metab Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy

Fonseca M:
 Natl Hlth Serv, London, England

Gazzard G:
 UCL, Inst Ophthalmol, London, England

 Moorfields Eye Hosp NHS Fdn Trust, London, England

Gialluisi A:
 IRCCS Neuromed, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Pozzilli, Italy

Giampaoli S:
 Ist Super Sanita, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metabol Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy

Gill P:
 Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Coventry, W Midlands, England

Glasbey J:
 Univ Birmingham, NIHR Global Hlth Res Unit Global Surg, Birmingham, W Midlands, England

Gorini G:
 Inst Canc Res, Prevent & Res Inst, Prevent & Clin Network, Oncol Network, Florence, Italy

Grivna M:
 United Arab Emirates Univ, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates

 Charles Univ Prague, Dept Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Prague, Czech Republic

Hafiz A:
 Umm Al Qura Univ, Coll Med, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, MSc Epidemiol Programme, London, England

Haro J:
 Univ Barcelona, Res Unit, Barcelona, Spain

 Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, Barcelona, Spain

Hartvigsen J:
 Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Sports Sci & Clin Biomech, Odense, Denmark

 Nord Inst Chiropract & Clin Biomech, Res Dept, Odense, Denmark

Hay S:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Heibati B:
 Univ Oulu, Res Unit Populat Hlth, Oulu, Finland

Hillus D:
 Charite Med Univ Berlin, Dept Infect Dis & Resp Med, Berlin, Germany

Hosseinzadeh M:
 Duy Tan Univ, Inst Res & Dev, Da Nang, Vietnam

 Univ Human Dev, Dept Comp Sci, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq

Hostiuc M:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Internal Med, Bucharest, Romania

Hostiuc S:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Legal Med & Bioeth, Bucharest, Romania

 Natl Inst Legal Med Mina Minovici, Clin Legal Med Dept, Bucharest, Romania

Hussain S:
 Masaryk Univ, Czech Natl Ctr Evidence Based Healthcare & Knowle, Brno, Czech Republic

 Masaryk Univ, Inst Biostat & Analyses, Brno, Czech Republic

Isola G:
 Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Surg Med Specialties, Catania, Italy

Johnson O:
 Univ Manchester, Dept Math, Manchester, Lancs, England

Jonas J:
 Inst Mol & Clin Ophthalmol Basel, Basel, Switzerland

 Heidelberg Univ, Dept Ophthalmol, Mannheim, Germany

Joo T:
 Semmelweis Univ, Hlth Serv Management Training Ctr, Budapest, Hungary

 Hungarian Hlth Management Assoc, Budapest, Hungary

Jozwiak J:
 Univ Opole, Dept Family Med & Publ Hlth, Opole, Poland

Jürisson M:
 Univ Tartu, Inst Family Med & Publ Hlth, Tartu, Estonia

Karanikolos M:
 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, European Observ Hlth Syst & Policies, London, England

 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Policy, London, England

Kauppila J:
 Univ Oulu, Surg Res Unit, Oulu, Finland

 Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden

Khan M:
 United Arab Emirates Univ, Dept Family Med, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates

 NHS North West London, Primary Care Dept, London, England

Khatab K:
 Sheffield Hallam Univ, Fac Hlth & Wellbeing, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England

 Ohio Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Zanesville, OH USA

Klugar M:
 Masaryk Univ, Czech Natl Ctr Evidence Based Healthcare & Knowle, Brno, Czech Republic

 Inst Hlth Informat & Stat Czech Republ, Prague, Czech Republic

Koyanagi A:
 Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, San Juan de Dios Sanit Pk, St Boi De Llobregat, Spain

 Catalan Inst Res & Adv Studies ICREA, Barcelona, Spain

Kurmi O:
 Coventry Univ, Fac Hlth & Life Sci, Coventry, W Midlands, England

 McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada

Kusuma D:
 City Univ London, Dept Hlth Serv Res & Management, London, England

 Univ Indonesia, Fac Publ Hlth, Depok, Indonesia

La Vecchia C:
 Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy

Lacey B:
 Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Oxford, England

 Natl Inst Hlth Res NIHR Oxford Biomed Res Ctr, Oxford, England

Lamnisos D:
 European Univ Cyprus, Dept Hlth Sci, Nicosia, Cyprus

Larson H:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA

 London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England

Larsson A:
 Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden

 Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Clin Chem & Pharmacol, Uppsala, Sweden

Lasrado S:
 Father Muller Med Coll, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, Mangalore, India

Lauriola P:
 Int Soc Dr Environm, Arezzo, Italy

Lazarus J:
 Barcelona Inst Global Hlth, Barcelona, Spain

Ledda C:
 Univ Catania, Clin & Expt Med, Catania, Italy

Lee P:
 Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester, Leics, England

Leinsalu M:
 Sodertorn Univ, Sch Social Sci, Huddinge, Sweden

 Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Tallinn, Estonia

Leonardi M:
 Ist Nazl Neurol Carlo Besta, UO Neurol Salute Pubbl & Disabil, Fdn IRCCS Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy

Levi M:
 USL Tuscany Ctr, Dept Prevent, Florence, Italy

 Univ Florence, Dept Hlth Sci, Florence, Italy

Li A:
 Univ Groningen, Ctr Dent & Oral Hyg, Groningen, Netherlands

 Southern Med Univ, Stomatol Hosp, Guangzhou, Peoples R China

Linehan C:
 Univ Coll Dublin, UCD Ctr Disabil Studies, Dublin, Ireland

Logroscino G:
 Univ Bari Aldo Moro, Dept Basic Med Sci Neurosci & Sense Organs, Bari, Italy

 Fdn Cardinale Giovanni Panico Hosp, Dept Clin Res Neurol, Tricase, Italy

Lorkowski S:
 Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena, Inst Nutr Sci, Jena, Germany

 Competence Cluster Nutr & Cardiovasc Hlth nutriCA, Jena, Germany

Loureiro J:
 Univ Porto, Lab Proc Engn Environm Biotechnol & Energy LEPABE, Porto, Portugal

 Polytech Inst Porto, Sch Hlth, Porto, Portugal

Lyons R:
 Swansea Univ, Sch Med, Swansea, W Glam, Wales

Madureira-Carvalho A:
 Univ Polytech Higher Educ Cooperat, Toxicol Res Unit TOXRUN, Gandra, Portugal

 Univ Porto, Lab Farmacognosia LAQV Associated Lab Green Chem, Porto, Portugal

Majeed A:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

Mathioudakis A:
 Univ Manchester, Div Infect Immun & Resp Med, Manchester, Lancs, England

 Manchester Univ NHS Fdn Trust, North West Lung Ctr, Manchester, Lancs, England

McAlinden C:
 Singleton Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Swansea, W Glam, Wales

McGrath J:
 Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

 Aarhus Univ, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Aarhus, Denmark

Menezes R:
 Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Univ, Forens Med Div, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

Mentis A:
 BGI Genom, Int Dx Dept, Copenhagen, Denmark

Meretoja A:
 Helsinki Univ Hosp, Neurol Unit, Helsinki, Finland

 Univ Melbourne, Sch Hlth Sci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia

Meretoja T:
 Helsinki Univ Hosp, Breast Surg Unit, Helsinki, Finland

 Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Mestrovic T:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA

 Univ Ctr Varazdin, Univ North, Varazhdin, Croatia

Jonasson J:
 Univ Gothenburg, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Gothenburg, Sweden

Miazgowski B:
 Pomeranian Med Univ, Ctr Innovat Med Educ, Szczecin, Poland

 Pomeranian Med Univ, Szczecin, Poland

Miazgowski T:
 Pomeranian Med Univ, Dept Propedeut Internal Dis & Arterial Hypertens, Szczecin, Poland

Mirica A:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

Mohammed S:
 Tech Univ Berlin, Dept Hlth Care Management, Berlin, Germany

 Ahmadu Bello Univ, Hlth Syst & Policy Res Unit, Zaria, Nigeria

Mokdad A:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Mons U:
 Univ Cologne, Fac Med, Cologne, Germany

 Univ Cologne, Univ Hosp Cologne, Cologne, Germany

Morgado-da-Costa J:
 Univ Porto, Ctr Hosp Univ Porto, Porto, Portugal

Mulita F:
 Gen Univ Hosp Patras, Dept Surg, Patras, Greece

 Univ Thessaly, Sch Med, Larisa, Greece

Murray C:
 Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA USA

 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Metr Sci, Seattle, WA USA

Negoi I:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania

 Emergency Hosp Bucharest, Dept Gen Surg, Bucharest, Romania

Negoi R:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Anat & Embryol, Bucharest, Romania

 Cardio Aid, Dept Cardiol, Bucharest, Romania

Negru S:
 Victor Babes Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Oncol, Timisoara, Romania

Nena E:
 Democritus Univ Thrace, Dept Med, Alexandroupolis, Greece

Noor N:
 UCL, Med Res Council Clin Trials Unit, London, England

 Cambridge Univ Hosp, Dept Gastroenterol, Cambridge, England

Ntaios G:
 Univ Thessaly, Dept Internal Med, Larisa, Greece

Oancea B:
 Univ Bucharest, Dept Appl Econ & Quantitat Anal, Bucharest, Romania

Osei F:
 Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat, Enschede, Netherlands

 Univ Energy & Nat Resources, Dept Math & Stat, Sunyani, Ghana

Otoiu A:
 Carol Davila Univ Med & Pharm, Dept Cardiol, Bucharest, Romania

Palladino R:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

 Univ Naples Federico II, Dept Publ Hlth, Naples, Italy

Pardhan S:
 Anglia Ruskin Univ, Vis & Eye Res Inst, Cambridge, England

Patel J:
 Univ Edinburgh, Global Hlth Governance Programme, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

 Univ Leeds, Sch Dent, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England

Paun M:
 Natl Inst Res & Dev Biol Sci, Dept Bioinformat & Biostat, Bucharest, Romania

 Univ Bucharest, Dept Stat & Cybernet, Bucharest, Romania

Pedersini P:
 IRCCS Fdn Don Carlo Gnocchi, Clin Res Dept, Milan, Italy

Pensato U:
 IRCCS Humanitas Res Hosp, Dept Neurol, Milan, Italy

Pereira R:
 Univ Porto, Dept Chem, Porto, Portugal

Pérez-Gómez J:
 Univ Extremadura, Dept Didact Expres Mus Plast & Corportal, Caceres, Spain

Perico N:
 Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Bergamo, Italy

Petcu I:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Stat & Econometr, Bucharest, Romania

Pinheiro M:
 Univ Porto, Dept Chem, Porto, Portugal

Postma M:
 Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands

 Padjadjaran State Univ, Ctr Excellence Higher Educ Pharmaceut Care Innova, Bandung, Indonesia

Raggi A:
 Ist Nazl Neurol Carlo Besta, UO Neurol Salute Pubbl & Disabil, Fdn IRCCS Ist Neurol Carlo Besta, Neurol Publ Hlth & Disabil Unit, Milan, Italy

Rahmani A:
 Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol, Future Technol Res Ctr, Yunlin, Taiwan

Rao C:
 Manipal Acad Higher Educ, Dept Community Med, Manipal, India

Rawaf S:
 Imperial Coll London, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, London, England

 Publ Hlth England, Acad Publ Hlth England, London, England

Rawassizadeh R:
 Boston Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Boston, MA USA

Remuzzi G:
 Mario Negri Inst Pharmacol Res, Bergamo, Italy

Riad A:
 Masaryk Univ, Czech Natl Ctr Evidence Based Healthcare & Knowle, Brno, Czech Republic

 Masaryk Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Brno, Czech Republic

Sacco S:
 Univ Aquila, Dept Neurol, Laquila, Italy

Saeb M:
 Dept Polymer Technol, Gdansk, Poland

Sathian B:
 Hamad Med Corp, Geriatr & Long Term Care Dept, Doha, Qatar

 Bournemouth Univ, Fac Hlth & Social Sci, Bournemouth, Dorset, England

Sattin D:
 IRCCS Ist Clin Sci Maugeri, Milan, Italy

Scarmeas N:
 Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Neurol, Athens, Greece

 Columbia Univ, Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA

Schwendicke F:
 Charite Univ Med Ctr Berlin, Oral Diag Digital Hlth & Hlth Serv Res, Berlin, Germany

Shiri R:
 Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland

Shivarov V:
 Sofiamed Univ Hosp, Clin Immunol & Hematol, Sofia, Bulgaria

 Sofia Univ St Kliment Ohridiski, Dept Genet, Sofia, Bulgaria

Sibhatu K:
 Univ Gottingen, Dept Agr Econ & Rural Dev, Gottingen, Germany

Simonetti B:
 Univ Sannio, Dept Law Econ Management & Quantitat Methods, Benevento, Italy

 WSB Univ Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland

Skou S:
 Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Sports Sci & Clin Biomech, Odense, Denmark

 Naestved Slagelse Ringsted Hosp, Dept Physiotherapy & Occupat Therapy, Slagelse, Denmark

Soriano J:
 Autonomous Univ Madrid, Princess Univ Hosp, Madrid, Spain

 Ctr Invest Biomed Red Enfermedades Resp CIBERES, Ctr Biomed Res Resp Dis Network, Madrid, Spain

Soyiri I:
 Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Kingston Upon Hull, N Humberside, England

Steel N:
 Univ East Anglia, Dept Primary Care & Publ Hlth, Norwich, Norfolk, England

 Publ Hlth England, London, England

Stefan S:
 Bucharest Univ Econ Studies, Dept Management, Bucharest, Romania

Steinbeis F:
 Charite Med Univ Berlin, Dept Infect Dis & Resp Med, Berlin, Germany

Steiropoulos P:
 Democritus Univ Thrace, Dept Med, Alexandroupolis, Greece

Stockfelt L:
 Univ Gothenburg, Occupat & Environm Med Dept, Gothenburg, Sweden

Stranges S:
 Univ Western Ontario, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London, ON, Canada

 Luxembourg Inst Hlth, Dept Populat Hlth, Strassen, Luxembourg

Sundström J:
 Uppsala Univ, Dept Med Sci, Uppsala, Sweden

 George Inst Global Hlth, Sydney, NSW, Australia

Tabarés-Seisdedos R:
 Univ Valencia, Dept Med, Valencia, Spain

 Inst Hlth Carlos III, Biomed Res Networking Ctr Mental Hlth Network CIB, Madrid, Spain

Thiyagarajan A:
 Leibniz Inst Prevent Res & Epidemiol, Clin Epidemiol, Bremen, Germany

Topor-Madry R:
 Jagiellonian Univ Med Coll, Inst Publ Hlth, Krakow, Poland

 Agcy Hlth Technol Assessment & Tariff Syst, Warsaw, Poland

Tovani-Palone M:
 Saveetha Inst Med & Tech Sci SIMATS, Saveetha Dent Coll & Hosp, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

 Modestum LTD, Eastbourne, England

Tsilimparis N:
 Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Dept Vasc Surg, Munich, Germany

Unim B:
 Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Cardiovasc Endocrine Metab Dis & Aging, Rome, Italy

Vacante M:
 Univ Catania, Dept Gen Surg & Med Surg Specialties, Catania, Italy

van den Eynde J:
 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Leuven, Belgium

Vasankari T:
 UKK Inst, Tampere, Finland

 Tampere Univ, Fac Med & Hlth Technol, Tampere, Finland

Veroux M:
 Univ Catania, Dept Med & Surg Sci & Adv Technol, Catania, Italy

Villafañe J:
 IRCCS Fdn Don Carlo Gnocchi, Clin Res Dept, Milan, Italy

Violante F:
 Univ Bologna, Dept Med & Surg Sci, Bologna, Italy

 St Orsola Malpighi Hosp, Occupat Hlth Unit, Bologna, Italy

Wang Y:
 Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth & Environm Sci, London, England

Westerman R:
 Fed Inst Populat Res, Competence Ctr Mortal Follow Up German Natl Cohor, Wiesbaden, Germany

Wolfe C:
 Kings Coll London, Sch Populat Hlth & Environm Sci, London, England

 Guys & St Thomas Hosp, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr NIHR BRC, London, England

 Kings Coll London, London, England

Wyper G:
 Univ Glasgow, Sch Hlth & Wellbeing, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland

Yaya S:
 Univ Ottawa, Sch Int Dev & Global Studies, Ottawa, ON, Canada

 Imperial Coll London, George Inst Global Hlth, London, England

Zadnik V:
 Inst Oncol Ljubljana, Epidemiol & Canc Registry Sector, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Zeitoun J:
 Publ Hosp Paris, Hotel Dieu Hosp, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, Ctr Clin Epidemiol, Paris, France

 Publ Hosp Paris, St Antoine Hosp, Assistance Publ Hop Paris, Gastroenterol & Nutr, Paris, France

Zumla A:
 UCL, Dept Infect, London, England

 Univ Coll London Hosp, NIHR Biomed Res Ctr NIHR BRC, London, England

Freitas A:
 Univ Porto, CINTESIS RISE, MEDCIDS, Fac Med, Porto, Portugal

 Univ Porto, Dept Community Med Informat & Hlth Decis Sci, Porto, Portugal

Devleesschauwer B:
 Sciensano, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Brussels, Belgium

 Univ Ghent, Dept Translat Physiol Infectiol & Publ Hlth, Ghent, Belgium
ISSN: 14712458





BMC PUBLIC HEALTH
Editorial
BioMed Central, CAMPUS, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND, Reino Unido
Tipo de documento: Article
Volumen: 24 Número: 1
Páginas:
WOS Id: 001229457400010
ID de PubMed: 38778362
imagen Green Submitted, Green Accepted, Green Published, gold

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